Roman Numerals Converter
Convert between Arabic numbers (1–3999) and Roman numerals
Reference Table
About Roman Numerals
Roman numerals are a numeral system originating from ancient Rome. They use letters from the Latin alphabet (I, V, X, L, C, D, M) to represent values. The standard form covers numbers from 1 to 3999 (MMMCMXCIX).
Subtractive Notation
When a smaller value precedes a larger one, it is subtracted: IV = 4 (5−1), IX = 9 (10−1), XL = 40, XC = 90, CD = 400, CM = 900. This avoids repetitions of more than three identical symbols.
Usage Today
- Clock faces and watches
- Book chapter and page numbering
- Super Bowl and Olympic Games numbering
- Monarchs and popes (e.g. Elizabeth II)
- Year numbering in film credits